内分泌与代谢病学专业英语

To report the incidence and progression rate of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and blindness in Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes.

This was a prospective cohort study of 899 adults aged >30 years with confirmed type 2 diabetes. All participants underwent standardized clinical and eye examinations. Two-field retinal photographs were taken. DR was graded by trained grader masked to participants’ clinical details. We categorized DR as follows: mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Additional category of vision-threatening DR (VTDR) included severe NPDR or more, or moderate NPDR with clinically significant macular edema. Blindness was defined as visual acuity ≤3/60. At least 1-step progression was categorized as DR progressing. Cox-proportional hazard model was used.